Decentralised Energy

A Missed Opportunity for Private Sector-Led Growth

Published 2nd January 2025

I am pleased to see the government’s recognition of the Royd concept of a Decentralised Energy Network by utilising solar energy from millions of rooftops. However, the proposed implementation strategy falls short in several critical areas.

The government’s plan relies heavily on funding through grants, diverting resources from home insulation initiatives, thereby jeopardising progress on that essential target. The approach is further constrained by bureaucratic inefficiencies, with eligibility limited to means-tested, fuel-poor households. This creates unnecessary red tape and significantly narrows the scope of the initiative, undermining its potential to deliver wide-reaching benefits.

By failing to engage the private sector as a key partner in delivering these outcomes, the government risks missing a vital opportunity to foster economic growth and achieve ambitious energy objectives. A more effective strategy would prioritise private sector facilitation to drive implementation at scale, ensuring both efficiency and long-term sustainability.

Anthony Royd

Energy Firms: Unlocking Profitability Through Rooftop Solar Power

Ownership and Control

By owning and maintaining the solar panels, batteries, and related infrastructure, energy firms retain full control of the energy generated. This ensures that all revenue from selling surplus energy to the grid or retail energy firms goes directly to them.

Cost Efficiency

Unlike large energy farms, rooftop installations eliminate significant costs like land acquisition, lengthy planning permissions, and grid connection infrastructure. Retrofitting existing homes spreads the cost over a wider network without requiring additional land investment.

Peak-Time Trading

Reduced Central Infrastructure Costs

Decentralised energy generation reduces strain on the central grid and lowers energy transmission costs, which can otherwise erode profit margins.

Scalability

With millions of rooftops available, the scalability of this decentralised approach offers firms a substantial opportunity to generate long-term profits.

Targeted Financial Support

Financial

If the Bank of England offsets an equivalent amount of CRD for UK banks offering loans to energy firms, those banks would benefit from the income generated by low-interest loans. This strategy would also yield substantial savings for the government: the Treasury could save £6.6 billion currently allocated to its Warm Homes Plan, while annually gaining an additional £35 billion from interest paid on excess reserves and £15 billion allocated for its Net Zero initiative.

Offsetting Initial Investments

The Economic Growth Potential of a Decentralised Solar Energy System

Investment Costs and Job Creation

Initial Costs

Retrofitting homes with insulation ranges from £10-£20 billion; adding solar panels increases the total to £50-£100 billion.

Job Creation

Every £1 million invested in the energy sector is estimated to generate approximately 14 jobs, meaning a £20 billion investment could conservatively create 280,000 jobs in manufacturing, construction, installation, and maintenance. However, this estimate may understate the potential impact.

According to Energy UK and the International Trade Administration, the UK energy sector supports approximately 734,000 direct and indirect jobs. In 2022 alone, the sector invested $17 billion (£16.6 billion), equating to approximately 44 jobs per £1 million invested. These figures highlight the substantial job creation potential of scaling up investments in renewable energy and energy efficiency projects.

Decentralised Energy
Decentralised Solar Energy System

Energy Savings

Annual Savings

Cavity wall and loft insulation save £200-£400 per home annually. Across 10 million homes, this equals £2-£4 billion in consumer energy savings each year.

Lower Energy Demand

National energy demand would significantly reduce, easing strain on the energy grid.

Environmental Impact

Carbon Reductions

Solar panels offset approximately 1 ton of CO2 per system annually. Millions of systems could make a major contribution to the UK’s 2050 net-zero target.

Sustainability

Increasing renewable energy sources is critical for long-term environmental resilience.

Economic Multiplier Effect

Boosting Local Economies: Savings on energy bills can be reinvested into local businesses, goods, and services.

Multiplier Returns

Every £1 spent on energy efficiency generates approximately £4 in broader economic activity.

Long-term Maintenance Costs

Minimal Costs

Insulation has low maintenance requirements, while solar panels need only occasional servicing and inverter replacements every 5-10 years.

Sustained Benefits

Long-term operational costs remain manageable while delivering consistent energy savings.

Conclusion: Growth Potential

Direct Impact

Economic Growth—A £20 billion investment could result in 280,000 jobs and £2-4 billion in annual household savings.

Over time, economic benefits—including job creation, savings reinvested locally, and environmental improvements—could exceed £100 billion when factoring in multipliers, increased productivity, and reduced healthcare costs.